Comparison of USG-Guided gastric volume at 1 h and 2 h of giving clear fluids for elective pediatric surgeries and its effect on postoperative nausea and vomiting

N Vineela Reddy; Sandhya Ghodke; Ravishekar N Hiremath; Smita M Nimbannavar; Mahesh Krishna Kulkarni

doi:10.4103/jmms.jmms_17_22

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Year : 2022 | Volume : 24 | Issue : 2 | Page : 164-170

Comparison of USG-Guided gastric volume at 1 h and 2 h of giving clear fluids for elective pediatric surgeries and its effect on postoperative nausea and vomiting

N Vineela Reddy¹, Sandhya Ghodke², Ravishekar N Hiremath³, Smita M Nimbannavar⁴, Mahesh Krishna Kulkarni⁵
¹ Fellow Paediatric Anaesthesia, Rainbow Children Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
² Associate Professor and Consultant, Department of Anaesthesiology, Rainbow Children Hospital, Bangalore, India
³ Prof and Classified Specialist, Officer Commanding SHO Bangalore, Karnataka, India
⁴ Assistant Professor, Department of Community Medicine, Koppal Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
⁵ Graded Specialist, Department of Aviation Medicine, AFMS, New Delhi, India

Correspondence Address:
Major (Dr) Sandhya Ghodke
Department of Anaesthesiology, Rainbow Children's Hospital, Marathahalli, Bengaluru, Karnataka
India

Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None

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DOI: 10.4103/jmms.jmms_17_22

Background: Preoperative fasting is a universally followed principle in patients undergoing elective surgeries to minimize the risk of pulmonary aspiration. Objectives: The main objective is to compare ultrasound (US)-guided gastric volume after encouraging clear fluids till 1 h and 2 h preoperatively. Methodology: We carried out a prospective observational study in a multispecialty children's hospital, wherein pediatric patients of American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) I and ASA II physical status undergoing elective surgeries and between the age group of 2 and 10 years were enrolled in the study on sample size of 60. The study tool used was US Mindray machine with a linear probe of frequency 10–12 hertz. The study was approved by hospital ethical committee. Those patients who could take clear fluids 3 ml/kg 2 h prior to surgery as per standard guidelines were placed in Group A and those who received 3 ml/kg of clear fluids till 1 h before surgery placed in Group B. US assessment of gastric volume was done in the preoperative area. Results: There is no significant difference in gastric volumes and antral cross-sectional area in both the groups. There is no significant increase in incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting in Group B where clear fluids were encouraged till 1 h prior to surgery. Conclusion: According to the study, we can conclude that clear fluids can be encouraged till 1 h preoperatively in pediatric patients undergoing elective surgeries.

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